Name/TitleThe merchantman MEDINA OF LONDON

About this objectThis painting was probably commissioned to celebrate MEDINA‘s completion and maiden voyage. In 1830, MEDINA carried goods and emigrants to the newly founded Swan River Colony in Western Australia.

Whitcombe was an expert portraitist of ships, employing even lighting and very fine brushwork to convey every detail of structure and rigging. The name 'Medina of London' is carved across the stern in the right-hand view of the vessel. In the background, the white cliffs of Dover gleam in the sun: a poignant symbol of England for shipping departing for, or arriving from, long and hazardous voyages.

A full-rigged merchantman of 469 tons, MEDINA was built at Topsham, Devon in 1811 and owned by Davy & Co. of London who put her into the Jamaica trade under the command of Captain Kenneday. In 1820-21 she was sold to Haymans and made voyages to Bombay under her new master, Captain Hayley. She then transferred to the London-New South Wales route.

In 1830, MEDINA carried goods and emigrants to the newly-founded Swan River Colony in Western Australia. Intended as a 'free' colony for farmers rather than a penal colony like Sydney, the Swan River Colony was claimed for Britain by Captain Charles Fremantle of HMS CHALLENGER on 2nd May 1829. The towns of Perth and Fremantle were named in August. MEDINA, commanded by Captain Walter Pace, arrived in Fremantle on 16th July 1830.

In 1832 Pace settled in Western Australia and a suburb of Kwinana on the Swan River was later named in MEDINA's honour. MEDINA's many long voyages took their toll and by 1834 she was laid up in the Port of London, where she was sold for £9,500.

Thomas Whitcombe painted major naval battles from the American War of Independence to the Napoleonic Wars, recording the battle of the Saintes, Camperdown and the Nile, among others. He was skilled at painting the majestic and deadly array of ships drawn up in battle line.

Little is known of Thomas Whitcombe's life, despite his eminence as a marine painter. His output was large, and he contributed greatly to recording the naval side of the French Revolutionary wars. He produced watercolours for fifty-four plates of The Naval Achievements of Great Britain, published in 1817, and made paintings for at least one hundred more wartime engravings, as well as depicting peaceful subjects such as coastal scenes.

Whitcombe exhibited one painting at the British Institution, in 1820. He exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1783 to 1824, working from London addresses.

MakerThomas Whitcombe - Artist

Maker RoleArtist

Date Made1820

Period19th century

Medium and MaterialsOil on canvas

Place MadeUnited Kingdom

Place MadeSwan River, Western Australia

Measurements295mm x 240 mm

Object TypeMaritime Paintings

Object numberSF001391

Copyright LicenceAttribution - Non-commercial - No Derivatives (cc)